peaq (PEAQ)USD

peaq is a layer-1 blockchain built on Polkadot, designed specifically for Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN). It allows real-world machines and devices, including cars, drones, routers, and energy meters, to coordinate and transact on-chain. The project targets what it calls the machine economy, where physical devices participate in decentralized mobility, energy, and connectivity services, with coordination and reputation settled through on-chain logic. peaq operates as a Polkadot parachain, inheriting shared security from the Polkadot relay chain while running its own application-specific environment built on the Substrate framework. Consensus relies on a staking model where validators and nominators bond PEAQ as slashable collateral to produce and finalize blocks, earning protocol emissions and fee rewards in return. The native token, PEAQ, has three primary functions: paying gas and transaction fees on the network, staking by validators and delegators to secure the chain, and voting on governance proposals covering protocol parameters and treasury allocation. PEAQ holders can also bond tokens to access machine trust-tier services within DePIN applications. The genesis supply was set at 4.2 billion PEAQ under a disinflationary issuance schedule that begins at roughly 3.5 percent annual inflation and declines toward approximately 1 percent. Total supply is projected to reach around 5.667 billion after 17 years, with a hard cap intended to be enforced through a future runtime upgrade. As of mid-2025, total supply stood at roughly 4.4 to 4.45 billion PEAQ, with circulating supply at approximately 2.4 to 2.5 billion PEAQ. The network is designed as infrastructure for machine-to-machine economies where physical devices operate as autonomous economic participants.