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Nscale secures $2 billion in unsecured convertible loan notes from Nvidia ahead of planned IPO

Nscale secures $2 billion in unsecured convertible loan notes from Nvidia ahead of planned IPO

Photo: Matheus Bertelli / Pexels

The London-based AI hyperscaler, which spun out of a crypto mining company, is raising up to $3.5 billion before its expected New York listing.

by Editorial Team

2 min read

In Technology

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NVIDIA Corporation (NVDA) price

Full chart and stats

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Market cap
$5.2T (shares as of 2026-08-21)
P/E (trailing)
27.2 (EPS to 2026-07-26)
Annual revenue
$215.9B USD (FY ended 2026-01-25) 10-K
Annual revenue growth
+65.5% (FY ended 2026-01-25 vs FY ended 2025-01-26) 10-K
Annual net income
120,067,000,000 USD (FY ended 2026-01-25, attributable to the company) 10-K
Annual operating margin
60.4% (FY ended 2026-01-25)
Forward P/E
Unavailable: no dated forecast source

Gloria daily close for session Oct 28, 2026. Market cap and trailing P/E use this close with the SEC share total and trailing diluted earnings, each dated next to its figure. Annual revenue, revenue growth, net income and margin show their own fiscal period and link the 10-K. Current context may postdate this article.

NVIDIA Corporation and its peers

Company PriceMarket capP/E (trailing)Forward P/EAnnual revenue (USD)Annual revenue growthAnnual net income (USD)Operating margin
NVIDIA Corporation NVDA · Price dated Oct 28, 2026 · tokenized NVDAx $215$5.2T27.2Unavailable$215.9BFY ended 2026-01-25 · 10-K+65.5%FY ended 2026-01-25 vs 2025-01-26 · 10-K120,067,000,000FY ended 2026-01-25, attributable to the company · 10-K60.4%FY ended 2026-01-25
Broadcom Inc. AVGO · Price dated Oct 28, 2026 · tokenized AVGOx $352$1.7T44.9Unavailable$63.9BFY ended 2025-11-02 · 10-K+23.9%FY ended 2025-11-02 vs 2024-11-03 · 10-K23,126,000,000FY ended 2025-11-02, consolidated · 10-K39.9%FY ended 2025-11-02
Micron Technology Inc. MU · Price dated Oct 28, 2026 · tokenized MUx $983$1.1T13.2Unavailable$133.2BFY ended 2026-09-03 · 10-K+256.3%FY ended 2026-09-03 vs 2025-08-28 · 10-K84,969,000,000FY ended 2026-09-03, attributable to the company · 10-K74.6%FY ended 2026-09-03
Advanced Micro Devices Inc. AMD · Price dated Oct 28, 2026 · tokenized AMDx $578$944.3B148.3Unavailable$34.6BFY ended 2025-12-27 · 10-K+34.3%FY ended 2025-12-27 vs 2024-12-28 · 10-K4,335,000,000FY ended 2025-12-27, attributable to the company · 10-K10.7%FY ended 2025-12-27

Missing figures stay unavailable. Forward P/E requires a dated source. Annual revenue, revenue growth, net income and margin come from each company's own 10-K, in US dollars, and each row shows that fiscal year. Revenue growth compares the fiscal year with the prior year stated in the same 10-K. Net income is the full year amount attributable to the company, or available to common stockholders where the filing states only that, or consolidated net income. Each row names its basis. Trailing P/E reads "Not meaningful" when the dated trailing diluted EPS is a loss or zero. An operating margin appears only when the filing states both the operating income and the revenue for the same year.

Sources: SEC filings, Gloria daily closes and CoinGecko. Oldest record refresh: Oct 28, 2026, 5:46 PM EDT. Refresh is not a price or filing date. Each row shows its price date and its annual fiscal period. Peers use industry code and company size, or editorial selection. Market cap multiplies that row price by the company share total the latest SEC filing states for every share class together. Trailing P/E divides it by trailing diluted earnings from SEC filings. Rolled earnings per share are approximate because share counts can change between periods. Both appear only when the SEC data carries its date, so they are estimates at one price date, not synchronized filing valuations. Not investment advice.

Token vs underlying stock

Current comparison for NVDA. Historical observations may postdate this article.

NVDAx token unit vs NVDA share · USD

$215.14Oct 28 UTC

-2.2% over displayed period

● NVDAx token┄ NVDA stock: $215.38

Aug 5, 2026: token $219.87 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $219.22 Aug 6, 2026: token $219.15 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $218.99 Aug 7, 2026: token $223.93 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $223.96 Aug 10, 2026: token $217.66 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.55 Aug 11, 2026: token $217.53 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.50 Aug 12, 2026: token $224.12 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $224.09 Aug 13, 2026: token $225.42 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $225.30 Aug 14, 2026: token $225.34 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $225.16 Aug 17, 2026: token $225.13 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $225.01 Aug 18, 2026: token $219.70 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $219.74 Aug 19, 2026: token $217.76 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.56 Aug 20, 2026: token $216.79 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $216.85 Aug 21, 2026: token $214.85 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $214.72 Aug 24, 2026: token $208.75 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $208.48 Aug 25, 2026: token $213.16 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $213.05 Aug 26, 2026: token $210.06 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $209.66 Aug 27, 2026: token $227.96 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $227.98 Aug 28, 2026: token $217.74 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.55 Aug 31, 2026: token $220.91 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $220.78 Sep 1, 2026: token $217.58 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.44 Sep 2, 2026: token $224.46 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $224.41 Sep 3, 2026: token $228.90 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $228.45 Sep 4, 2026: token $230.35 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $230.36 Sep 8, 2026: token $225.69 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $225.73 Sep 9, 2026: token $223.89 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $223.67 Sep 10, 2026: token $218.70 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $218.36 Sep 11, 2026: token $218.92 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $218.29 Sep 14, 2026: token $211.47 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $210.96 Sep 15, 2026: token $212.34 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $212.17 Sep 16, 2026: token $214.25 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $213.90 Sep 17, 2026: token $219.68 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $219.34 Sep 18, 2026: token $222.24 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $222.27 Sep 21, 2026: token $227.69 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $227.38 Sep 22, 2026: token $229.20 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $228.87 Sep 23, 2026: token $225.44 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $225.51 Sep 24, 2026: token $224.87 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $224.58 Sep 25, 2026: token $225.29 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $225.07 Sep 28, 2026: token $228.97 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $228.86 Sep 29, 2026: token $227.95 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $227.21 Sep 30, 2026: token $229.85 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $228.38 Oct 1, 2026: token $231.18 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $230.86 Oct 2, 2026: token $234.38 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $233.95 Oct 5, 2026: token $239.30 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $238.90 Oct 6, 2026: token $239.71 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $239.24 Oct 7, 2026: token $237.80 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $237.47 Oct 8, 2026: token $230.81 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $230.48 Oct 9, 2026: token $229.70 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $229.28 Oct 12, 2026: token $226.87 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $226.32 Oct 13, 2026: token $228.73 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $228.52 Oct 14, 2026: token $221.56 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $221.30 Oct 15, 2026: token $217.48 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.23 Oct 16, 2026: token $214.56 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $214.13 Oct 19, 2026: token $217.41 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.09 Oct 20, 2026: token $216.69 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $216.47 Oct 21, 2026: token $222.20 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $221.97 Oct 22, 2026: token $212.42 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $212.21 Oct 23, 2026: token $211.27 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $210.96 Oct 26, 2026: token $216.15 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $216.00 Oct 27, 2026: token $218.06 at 20:00 UTC; stock close $217.94 Oct 28, 2026: token $215.14 at 19:49 UTC; stock close $215.38
Aug 5$208.48 to $239.71Oct 28

Source: CoinGecko + Gloria · Retrieved Oct 28, 19:51 UTC

Methodology and data

Split-adjusted regular-session stock closes from the existing Gloria shared history, paired only with an observed token price within 45 minutes of 16:00 New York time. Up to 60 matched sessions. No interpolation or missing-date fill. Weekends and known early closes are omitted. Token units are not adjusted for issuer multipliers or dividend treatment. This compares quoted prices, not fair value, executable premiums or arbitrage returns. Solid line: token. Dashed line: stock. Exact quote times and values appear below. Historical observations. Retrieval refers to the token source. Token quote times use UTC. The fixed cohort shows its oldest member fetch.

Nvidia token vs Nvidia stock: exact source values
Date (UTC)Token (USD)Stock close (USD)Token quote (UTC)
2026-08-05219.87219.222026-08-05 20:00
2026-08-06219.15218.992026-08-06 20:00
2026-08-07223.93223.962026-08-07 20:00
2026-08-10217.66217.552026-08-10 20:00
2026-08-11217.53217.502026-08-11 20:00
2026-08-12224.12224.092026-08-12 20:00
2026-08-13225.42225.302026-08-13 20:00
2026-08-14225.34225.162026-08-14 20:00
2026-08-17225.13225.012026-08-17 20:00
2026-08-18219.70219.742026-08-18 20:00
2026-08-19217.76217.562026-08-19 20:00
2026-08-20216.79216.852026-08-20 20:00
2026-08-21214.85214.722026-08-21 20:00
2026-08-24208.75208.482026-08-24 20:00
2026-08-25213.16213.052026-08-25 20:00
2026-08-26210.06209.662026-08-26 20:00
2026-08-27227.96227.982026-08-27 20:00
2026-08-28217.74217.552026-08-28 20:00
2026-08-31220.91220.782026-08-31 20:00
2026-09-01217.58217.442026-09-01 20:00
2026-09-02224.46224.412026-09-02 20:00
2026-09-03228.90228.452026-09-03 20:00
2026-09-04230.35230.362026-09-04 20:00
2026-09-08225.69225.732026-09-08 20:00
2026-09-09223.89223.672026-09-09 20:00
2026-09-10218.70218.362026-09-10 20:00
2026-09-11218.92218.292026-09-11 20:00
2026-09-14211.47210.962026-09-14 20:00
2026-09-15212.34212.172026-09-15 20:00
2026-09-16214.25213.902026-09-16 20:00
2026-09-17219.68219.342026-09-17 20:00
2026-09-18222.24222.272026-09-18 20:00
2026-09-21227.69227.382026-09-21 20:00
2026-09-22229.20228.872026-09-22 20:00
2026-09-23225.44225.512026-09-23 20:00
2026-09-24224.87224.582026-09-24 20:00
2026-09-25225.29225.072026-09-25 20:00
2026-09-28228.97228.862026-09-28 20:00
2026-09-29227.95227.212026-09-29 20:00
2026-09-30229.85228.382026-09-30 20:00
2026-10-01231.18230.862026-10-01 20:00
2026-10-02234.38233.952026-10-02 20:00
2026-10-05239.30238.902026-10-05 20:00
2026-10-06239.71239.242026-10-06 20:00
2026-10-07237.80237.472026-10-07 20:00
2026-10-08230.81230.482026-10-08 20:00
2026-10-09229.70229.282026-10-09 20:00
2026-10-12226.87226.322026-10-12 20:00
2026-10-13228.73228.522026-10-13 20:00
2026-10-14221.56221.302026-10-14 20:00
2026-10-15217.48217.232026-10-15 20:00
2026-10-16214.56214.132026-10-16 20:00
2026-10-19217.41217.092026-10-19 20:00
2026-10-20216.69216.472026-10-20 20:00
2026-10-21222.20221.972026-10-21 20:00
2026-10-22212.42212.212026-10-22 20:00
2026-10-23211.27210.962026-10-23 20:00
2026-10-26216.15216.002026-10-26 20:00
2026-10-27218.06217.942026-10-27 20:00
2026-10-28215.14215.382026-10-28 19:49

Stock history: Gloria · Retrieved Oct 29, 00:31 UTC. Token history: CoinGecko NVDAx.

Quoted token and share units can have different rights, multipliers and dividend treatment. This is not an executable premium or arbitrage signal.

Nscale, the London-headquartered AI infrastructure company, has entered into an unsecured convertible loan agreement with Nvidia worth roughly $2 billion. The deal is part of a broader pre-IPO fundraising push that could total around $3.5 billion as the company positions itself for a US listing.

The convertible notes from Nvidia sit alongside an additional $1.5 billion tranche reportedly led by Third Point, both offered at a discount to Nscale’s expected IPO valuation.

From crypto mining to AI hyperscaler

Nscale originated as a spin-out from Arkon Energy, a company focused on crypto mining infrastructure. The company has since repositioned itself as a provider of AI data center solutions, expanding operations across the US, Europe, and Norway. Its customer roster now includes contracts with Microsoft and Anthropic, among others.

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Nscale has reportedly secured customer contracts totaling approximately $103 billion, with an average duration of 5.7 years.

In March 2026, Nscale raised $2 billion in a Series C round that valued the company at $14.6 billion. Five months later, in August 2026, it closed roughly $3 billion in senior secured delayed-draw term loans to fund AI campuses in Texas and North Carolina.

The company has filed for a proposed US IPO targeting mid-September 2026.

Why Nvidia keeps showing up

Nvidia’s involvement with Nscale isn’t new. The chipmaker previously participated in GPU-backed financing arrangements with the company and issued warrants related to Nscale back in 2025. The convertible loan notes represent a deepening of that relationship.

Convertible notes function as debt that can convert into equity, typically at a discount to the IPO price. The unsecured nature of these notes means Nvidia would stand behind the $3 billion in senior secured term loans Nscale already has outstanding in any recovery scenario.

Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.

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