The Treasury Department just handed America’s local banks a new playbook for hunting cartel money and immigration fraud. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced Friday that banks will gain sweeping new authority to share customer surveillance video and cyber data with federal investigators targeting cartel financiers and fraud rings.

What the new measures actually do

A May 19 executive order directs the Treasury to strengthen Bank Secrecy Act customer due diligence rules. The order specifically mandates that immigration status be incorporated into know-your-customer checks, a significant expansion of what banks are expected to track about their clients.

The Treasury is also issuing new advisories focused on red flags tied to work authorization status. In English: banks are being told exactly what suspicious patterns to look for when someone without proper work authorization is moving money through the system.

Geographic Targeting Orders now require banks in certain Minnesota counties to report international transfers of $3,000 or more. That’s a notably low threshold, designed to catch structuring, the practice of breaking large transfers into smaller ones to avoid detection.

Secretary Bessent has been focused on financial fraud in Minnesota since January, and the connection isn’t accidental. The Treasury has linked alleged benefits fraud in the state to international funding networks, including those potentially connected to Al-Shabaab.

Recent border operations have already affected over 100 money services businesses, drawing on data from more than one million banking records.

The public-private surveillance pipeline

Banks are being positioned not just as passive record-keepers, but as active participants in national security enforcement. The Treasury is encouraging real-time data sharing that includes video surveillance and cybersecurity intelligence.

FinCEN, the Treasury’s financial crimes enforcement arm, is transitioning its entire AML and counter-terrorism financing strategy toward what it calls a “risk-based national-security focus.” The practical effect is that enforcement resources get redirected away from low-risk compliance busywork and toward high-priority targets like cartel money laundering networks.

What this means for crypto

Money services businesses are squarely in the crosshairs of this initiative. Many MSBs operate at the intersection of traditional finance and crypto, facilitating remittances and cross-border transfers that can involve digital assets. With over 100 MSBs already caught up in enforcement actions using banking data, any crypto-adjacent MSB operating without bulletproof compliance is playing a dangerous game.

The $3,000 reporting threshold for international transfers in targeted regions is particularly relevant. For context, that’s well below the traditional $10,000 currency transaction reporting requirement. If similar thresholds get applied to crypto on-ramps and off-ramps, even modest transfers could trigger reporting obligations.

The emphasis on public-private data sharing also raises questions about how blockchain analytics will integrate with the Treasury’s expanding surveillance infrastructure. Companies like Chainalysis and Elliptic already work with law enforcement on tracing crypto transactions.